Changes in education

Lifelong studying as policy 

Towards the end of the ‘80s and the beginning of the ‘90s of the XX century, a new school reform started in the world and its objective was to build more efficient and more competitive educational systems. Changes in the educational system are initiated by the current processes of socio-political, economic and technological-technical plan and they equally refer to the formal and informal education.

Namely, changes at the labor market, global economy, ruthless competition, offer and demand dictated by the market and new trends and the information technology lead to social exclusion of certain marginalized groups from the main flows and opportunities. The thing that in the developed countries is imposed as a question is how to provide social inclusion in such constellation of relations, a dialogue with the relevant actors, knowing that education is closely related to poverty and leads us to countries’ prosperity.

If we say that the basic way of overcoming poverty is involvement at the labor market, productivity increase can be improved by education and training. Accordingly market competition is improved and inequality is decreased. Education and training strengthen individuals and their opportunity for employment and build a capacity to meet market opportunities.

However, people in the category of poor face a lot of problems in the approach to vocational training. There is a lack of information for training opportunities and the approach is sometimes disabled as a result of cultural barriers.

In this context 1996 was proclaimed a European year of lifelong studying and among the other things, it aimed at “economic prosperity by continuous education/studying”, especially aimed at adults.

Most of the employers have basically realized that development, results’ sustainability and studying are related. Maybe the biggest recent development and success was change of attitudes in terms of studying. Nowadays there is mutual understanding that continuous development and continuous studying “lifelong studying” are mutually related.

During the Council of Europe session in Lisbon (March 2000), the European Union passed the Lisbon Declaration with new strategic goals in the following decade: to become the most competitive and dynamic economy, based on knowledge, capable of providing sustainable economic prosperity with more and better jobs and better social cohesion.

The Lisbon Declaration is actually result of the EU conditions that in figures mean that more than 15 million Europeans are still unemployed.

In such conditions it is necessary to make economic and social reforms as part of the positive strategy that will enable improvement of competitiveness and social cohesion.

The above-mentioned results in the fact that the basic postulate of “society based on knowledge” is investment in people and development of dynamic state in welfare.

This situation will be achieved by studying and training offers, tailed according to the requirements of different target groups and different levels of their life: youngsters, unemployed, employed, but risk groups also.